ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ANCIENT GREEK THEATRE: ATTIC DRAMA IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Section Articles

Abstract

The rapid transformations of the Fourth Industrial Revolution have intensified debates about artificial intelligence, algorithmic governance and the fu- ture of human agency. This article proposes that ancient Attic drama, especially the tragedies of Sophocles and Euripides, provides a vital ethical grammar for interpreting these technological di- lemmas. Treating the plays as dynamic modes of thought rather than cultural artefacts, the study develops a model of ‘tragic humanism’ to com- plement contemporary AI ethics. Through close reading and conceptual synthesis, it identifies four tragic frameworks: truth-seeking, conscientious resistance, mortality, and cognitive burden, that illuminate modern concerns about disinformation, authoritarian optimisation, life-extension tech- nologies and mental overload. While not offering direct solutions, this article argues that tragic thought cultivates ethical sensibilities essential for navigating the uncertainties of the algorithmic age and affirms the continuing relevance of classical Greek theatre as a philosophical interlocutor in twenty-first-century technological life.