Science Fiction Heterotopia: The Economy of the Future
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Jan 10, 2025
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Abstract
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This article uses the cultural theory of hyper-modernism, to scrutinize the present and potentially future impact on society of advanced digital media technologies like Virtual Reality, ubiquitous computing, and Artificial Intelligence. I did this by writing in a hybrid way about the portrayal of the given technology in science fiction films and the realization of the technology in the so-called “real world.” It studies the examples of blockchain, 3D Printers, and moral algorithms and their connections to ideas about post-capitalist transformation of the economy. My theoretical perspective is explicitly critical of capitalism. The article draws from a chapter of my latest book, Decoding Digital Culture with Science Fiction: Hyper-Modernism, Hyperreality, and Posthumanism.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61439/MEYH4870
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Bogard, W. (1996). The simulation of surveillance: Hypercontrol in telematic societies. Cambridge University Press.
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Bookchin, M. (1971). Post-scarcity anarchism. Ramparts Press.
Brooker, C., & Jones, A. (2018). Inside Black Mirror. Ebury Press.
Chartrand, C. (2003, August 25). A low-attention video camera lets the photographer focus instead on the action. The New York Times.
Chomsky, N., & Foucault, M. (2006). The Chomsky-Foucault debate: On human nature. The New Press.
Diedrich, H. (2016). Ethereum: Blockchains, digital assets, smart contracts, decentralized autonomous organizations. Wildfire Publishing.
Duffy, C. J. (2015). Heterotopic space in selected works of J.G. Ballard (Doctoral dissertation). http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12593/1/Heterotopic%20Space%20in%20Selected%20Works%20of%20J%20G%20Ballard.pdf
Dean, C. J. (2004). The fragility of empathy after the Holocaust. Cornell University Press.
Foucault, M. (1970). The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences. Pantheon Books.
Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. A division of Random House.
Foucault, M. (1986). Of other spaces: Utopias and heterotopias (J. Miskowiec, Trans.). Diacritics, Spring, 22–26. (Original lecture delivered in 1967)
Foucault, M. (1998). Different spaces. In J. Faubion (Ed.), Aesthetics, method and epistemology: Essential works of Foucault, Volume 2 (R. Hurley, Trans.; pp. 175–185). Penguin.
Foucault, M. (2009). Les hétérotopies. In D. Defert (Ed.), Le corps utopique suivi de Les hétérotopies (pp. 21–36). Paris: Nouvelles Éditions Lignes. (Radio address delivered in December 1966)
Gorz, A. (1980). Farewell to the working class: An essay on post-industrial socialism (M. Sonenscher, Trans.). Pluto Press.
Gorz, A. (1999). Reclaiming work: Beyond the wage-based society (C. Turner, Trans.). Polity Press.
Haraway, D. J. (1990). A cyborg manifesto: Science, technology, and socialist-feminism in the late twentieth century. Routledge.
Hölderlin, F. (1802). Patmos.
Jaquith, T. (2016, May). Sony’s smart contact lenses can record what you see. Futurism.
Kaplan, J. (2016). Artificial intelligence: What everyone needs to know. Oxford University Press.
Keating, S. (2016, October 24). From bacteria to buildings: Additive manufacturing outside the box [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRBQv2TJFX4
Knight, K. T. (2014). Real places and impossible spaces: Foucault’s heterotopia in the fiction of James Joyce, Vladimir Nabokov, and W.G. Sebald (Doctoral dissertation).
LaCapra, D. (1998). History and memory after Auschwitz. Cornell University Press.
Mason, P. (2015). Post-capitalism: A guide to our future. Allen Lane.
Mason, P. (2016, March 2). Mickeygate—the truth!—MosquitoRidge—Medium. Medium. https://medium.com/mosquito-ridge/mickeygate-the-truth-8145cf278b7a
Regalado, A. (2019, July). Man with brain implant on Musk’s Neuralink: ‘I would play video games’. MIT Technology Review.
Sartre, J.-P. (1989). No exit and three other plays (S. Gilgert, Trans.). Vintage.
Sebald, W. G. (2019). The rings of Saturn. Vintage.
Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution (p. 161). Penguin UK.
Thorne, K. S. (1994). Black holes & time warps: Einstein’s outrageous legacy. W.W. Norton & Co.
Varoufakis, Y. (2020). Another now: Dispatches from an alternative present. The Bodley Head.
Vidal, J. (1973). Toward direct brain-computer communication. Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering, 2, 157–180.
Wiener, N. (1948). Cybernetics: Or control and communication in the animal and the machine. The MIT Press.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism (p. 471). Profile Books.